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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::basic_istream&lt;CharT,Traits&gt;::</span>get</h1>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="getline.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/getline"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_istream::getline</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="ignore.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/ignore"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_istream::ignore</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="read.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/read"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_istream::read</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="readsome.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/readsome"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_istream::readsome</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="gcount.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/gcount"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_istream::gcount</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 定位</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="tellg.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/tellg"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_istream::tellg</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="seekg.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/seekg"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_istream::seekg</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 杂项</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_istream/sync" title="cpp/io/basic istream/sync"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_istream::sync</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="swap.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/swap"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_istream::swap</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 成员类</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="sentry.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/sentry"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_istream::sentry</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 非成员函数</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="operator_gtgt2.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/operator gtgt2"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator&gt;&gt;<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_istream)</span></span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<table class="t-dcl-begin"><tbody>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">int_type get<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (1) </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_istream<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> get<span class="br0">(</span> char_type<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> ch <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (2) </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_istream<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> get<span class="br0">(</span> char_type<span class="sy2">*</span> s, <a href="../streamsize.html"><span class="kw1804">std::<span class="me2">streamsize</span></span></a> count <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (3) </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_istream<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> get<span class="br0">(</span> char_type<span class="sy2">*</span> s, <a href="../streamsize.html"><span class="kw1804">std::<span class="me2">streamsize</span></span></a> count, char_type delim <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (4) </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_istream<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> get<span class="br0">(</span> basic_streambuf<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> strbuf <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (5) </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_istream<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> get<span class="br0">(</span> basic_streambuf<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> strbuf, char_type delim <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (6) </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl-sep"><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>从流释出字符或多个字符。
</p><p>所有版本都表现为<a href="../../named_req/UnformattedInputFunction.html" title="cpp/named req/UnformattedInputFunction"><i>无格式输入函数</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(UnformattedInputFunction)</span> </a>。构造并检查 sentry 对象后，这些函数进行下列内容：
</p>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 读取一个字符，若可用则返回它。否则，返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Traits<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">eof</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 并设置 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../ios_base/iostate.html" title="cpp/io/ios base/iostate">failbit</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../ios_base/iostate.html" title="cpp/io/ios base/iostate">eofbit</a></span> 。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 读取一个字符，而若可用则存储于 <code>ch</code> 。否则，保留 <code>ch</code> 不修改并设置 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../ios_base/iostate.html" title="cpp/io/ios base/iostate">failbit</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../ios_base/iostate.html" title="cpp/io/ios base/iostate">eofbit</a></span> 。注意此函数不在类型 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">signed</span> <span class="kw4">char</span></span></span> 和 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">char</span></span></span> 重载，不同于有格式字符输入 operator&gt;&gt; 。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> 同 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">get<span class="br0">(</span>s, count, widen<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> ，即读取至多 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">count<span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> 个字符并存储它们到 <code>s</code> 所指向的字符串中，直至找到 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span></span></span> 。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">4)</span> 读取字符并存储它们到首元素为 <code>s</code> 所指向的字符数组的相继位置。释出并存储字符，直至出现任何下列条件：</div>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><ul><li> 已存储 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">count <span class="sy2">-</span> <span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> 个字符
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><ul><li> 输入序列中出现文件尾条件（调用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">setstate<span class="br0">(</span>eofbit<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> ）
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><ul><li> 下个可用输入字符 <code>c</code> 等于 <code>delim</code> ，以 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Traits<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">eq</span><span class="br0">(</span>c, delim<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 确定。不释出此字符（不同于 <span class="t-lc"><a href="getline.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/getline">basic_istream::getline()</a></span> ）。
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li"></span> 若未释出字符，则调用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">setstate<span class="br0">(</span>failbit<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 。任何情况下，若 <code>count&gt;0</code> ，则存储空字符（ <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">CharT<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> ）于数组的下个相继位置。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">5)</span> 同 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">get<span class="br0">(</span>strbuf, widen<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> ，即读取可用字符并插入它们到给定的 <a href="../basic_streambuf.html" title="cpp/io/basic streambuf"><tt>basic_streambuf</tt></a> 对象，直至找到 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span></span></span> 。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">6)</span> 读取字符并插入它们到给定的 <a href="../basic_streambuf.html" title="cpp/io/basic streambuf"><tt>basic_streambuf</tt></a> 对象所控制的输出序列。释出并插入字符到 <code>strbuf</code> 中，直至出现任何下列条件：</div>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><ul><li> 输入序列中出现文件尾条件
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><ul><li> 插入输出序列失败（该情况下不释出无法插入的字符）
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><ul><li> 下个可用输入字符 <code>c</code> 等于 <code>delim</code> ，以 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Traits<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">eq</span><span class="br0">(</span>c, delim<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 确定。不释出此字符。
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><ul><li> 出现异常（该情况下捕获而不重抛异常）。
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li"></span> 若未释出字符，则调用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">setstate<span class="br0">(</span>failbit<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 。</div>
<p>所有版本都设置 <span class="t-lc"><a href="gcount.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/gcount">gcount()</a></span> 的值为释出的字符数。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
<table class="t-par-begin">


<tr class="t-par">
<td>  ch
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 到要写入结果到的字符的引用
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  s
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 指向要存储结果到的字符串的指针
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  count
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> <code>s</code> 所指向的字符串的大小
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  delim
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 用以停止释出的分隔字符。不释出且不存储它。
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  strbuf
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 要读取内容到的流缓冲
</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 释出的字符或 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Traits<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">eof</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span></div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2-6)</span> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">*</span>this</span></span></div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8">异常</span></h3>
<div class="t-template-editlink" style="">
</div>若出现错误（错误状态标志不是 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../ios_base/iostate.html" title="cpp/io/ios base/iostate">goodbit</a></span> ）并且设置了 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../basic_ios/exceptions.html" title="cpp/io/basic ios/exceptions">exceptions()</a></span> 为对该状态抛出则为 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../ios_base/failure.html" title="cpp/io/ios base/failure">failure</a></span> 。
<p>若内部操作抛出异常，则捕获它并设置 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../ios_base/iostate.html" title="cpp/io/ios base/iostate">badbit</a></span> 。若对 <code>badbit</code> 设置了 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../basic_ios/exceptions.html" title="cpp/io/basic ios/exceptions">exceptions()</a></span> ，则重抛该异常。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
<div class="t-example"><div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">运行此代码</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="cpp source-cpp"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;sstream&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;iostream&gt;</span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <a href="../basic_istringstream.html"><span class="kw1735">std::<span class="me2">istringstream</span></span></a> s1<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"Hello, world."</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <span class="kw4">char</span> c1 <span class="sy1">=</span> s1.<span class="me1">get</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 读取'H'</span>
    <a href="../cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"after reading "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> c1 <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">", gcount() == "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span>  s1.<span class="me1">gcount</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <span class="kw4">char</span> c2<span class="sy4">;</span>
    s1.<span class="me1">get</span><span class="br0">(</span>c2<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>         <span class="co1">// 读取 'e'</span>
    <span class="kw4">char</span> str<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">5</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    s1.<span class="me1">get</span><span class="br0">(</span>str, <span class="nu0">5</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>     <span class="co1">// 读取 "llo,"</span>
    <a href="../cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"after reading "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> str <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">", gcount() == "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span>  s1.<span class="me1">gcount</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> c1 <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> c2 <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> str<span class="sy4">;</span>
    s1.<span class="me1">get</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span><a href="../cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a>.<span class="me1">rdbuf</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 读取剩余，不包括 '\n'</span>
    <a href="../cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\n</span>After the last get(), gcount() == "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> s1.<span class="me1">gcount</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>输出：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">after reading H, gcount() == 1
after reading llo,, gcount() == 4
Hello, world.
After the last get(), gcount() == 7</pre></div></div> 
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="read.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/read"> <span class="t-lines"><span>read</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  读并取走一块字符 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="operator_gtgt.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/operator gtgt"> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator&gt;&gt;</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  提取带格式数据 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="operator_gtgt2.html" title="cpp/io/basic istream/operator gtgt2"> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator&gt;&gt;<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_istream)</span></span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  提取字符和字符数组 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>
</table>

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